Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer
[{"label":"Home","url":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en"},{"label":"Team","url":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en\/staff--equipe","section":{"id":1,"title_en":"About","title_fr":"\u00c0 propos"}},{"label":"Varun Srivatsan","url":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en\/staff--equipe\/varun-srivatsan","section":{"id":1,"title_en":"About","title_fr":"\u00c0 propos"}}]
Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes.

Varun Srivatsan

Research Assistant

Varun is a recent graduate from the International Economics program at the University of British Columbia. He has had experience in management consulting, impact investing, microfinance and advertising.

Latest publications

    {"id":"RP-2021-026-S","is_published":"2021-01-26T20:16:02.000000Z","release_date":"2020-10-08T04:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2021-01-26T20:16:02.000000Z","type":"RP","internal_id":"RP-2021-026-S","title_en":"Estimating the Return of Additional Federal Spending on Business Tax Compliance","title_fr":"Rendement estim\u00e9 des d\u00e9penses f\u00e9d\u00e9rales additionnelles pour l\u2019observation fiscale des 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report analyses the relationship between federal spending and additional tax revenues generated through business compliance programs since 2015-16 and estimates how changes in funding might affect future revenues.","abstract_fr":"Ce rapport pr\u00e9sente une analyse des relations entre les d\u00e9penses f\u00e9d\u00e9rales et les recettes fiscales additionnelles g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par les programmes d\u2019observation des entreprises depuis l\u2019exercice 2015-2016, en plus d\u2019offrir une estimation des effets qu\u2019ont les modifications au financement sur les futures recettes.","highlights":null},"bills":[],"bibtex":{"en":"@techreport{PBO-RP2021026S,\n author={Sourang, Diarra and Srivatsan, Varun},\n title={Estimating the Return of Additional Federal Spending on Business Tax Compliance},\n institution={The Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer},\n year=2020,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}","fr":"@techreport{DPB-RP2021026S,\n author={Sourang, Diarra and Srivatsan, Varun},\n title={Rendement estim\\\u0027{e} des d\\\u0027{e}penses f\\\u0027{e}d\\\u0027{e}rales additionnelles pour l\u2019observation fiscale des entreprises},\n institution={Bureau du directeur parlementaire du budget},\n year=2020,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}"}} {"id":"LEG-2021-014-S","is_published":"2021-05-11T18:42:10.000000Z","release_date":"2020-04-24T13:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2021-05-11T19:10:15.000000Z","type":"LEG","internal_id":"LEG-2021-014-S","title_en":"Loan Guarantee Program for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)","title_fr":"Programme de garantie et de pr\u00eats pour les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME)","slug":"LEG-2021-014-S--loan-guarantee-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises-smes--programme-garantie-prets-petites-moyennes-entreprises-pme","permalinks":{"en":{"website":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en\/publications\/LEG-2021-014-S--loan-guarantee-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises-smes--programme-garantie-prets-petites-moyennes-entreprises-pme","preview":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en\/publications\/LEG-2021-014-S--loan-guarantee-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises-smes--programme-garantie-prets-petites-moyennes-entreprises-pme"},"fr":{"website":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/fr\/publications\/LEG-2021-014-S--loan-guarantee-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises-smes--programme-garantie-prets-petites-moyennes-entreprises-pme","preview":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/fr\/publications\/LEG-2021-014-S--loan-guarantee-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises-smes--programme-garantie-prets-petites-moyennes-entreprises-pme"}},"artifacts":{"main":{"en":{"public":"https:\/\/distribution-a617274656661637473.pbo-dpb.ca\/7aa46f687557a6637f2d74b0124550641bf639d2abaf1f7363e5d7c04614736c"},"fr":{"public":"https:\/\/distribution-a617274656661637473.pbo-dpb.ca\/e176c8b0a74865a1609e8150be333139c515b5a096a1321e1a1d4e751b034520"}}},"coverpages":{"distribution":{"fr":{"small":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/c413921dbdff9b3156a003b0fe298c076e1c014ddbf9a973dedb75f02926c890","large":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/6dd836cbe404b82d60a222cf3ab461ead43ea906db79c73259507c465b417941","h150_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/59d0b69547bd23b186547a050e9bef7d2e49d2be6b1cb2d11e2f120741034726","h150_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/b6b62714cb56d2fb931a96d9e535bbcef552f7b09765f68ca9b4aaa6cae37211","h300_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/b2596a7a51495bbd1d36e52be03e5b929897019d6ad3d40daeae297d8e9e8894","h300_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/6f887047b9d1f7f3e82a81359f6c8c0ca7780b6e67555d19ea6692898b657f59","h600_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/8344a6ba93db77e8cd35a7c26439915a8b54cd3b2008d022061f309fb1e7db73","h600_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/1492dc598764c3864b09b573fbc9222de2db18e51f3c6ef9dbfe55c1468f9947"},"en":{"small":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/cdc20d826504f1500cf456f5335b535951a27fab46da05789ac189675a75e863","large":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/eb158b0269d4e340308a345c4780305dc9b151bafb0c0eab6acdbc84a749c91d","h150_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/6e812b14fd6814bcd69db998e67f369baf3890c457408a0b8d4c5aae65049a2f","h150_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/5d6b8a6ac56c863a0e496a5739bc7d9f8d4e89b055ac70f62ccb04a1b4459b4b","h300_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/4782afe527071b5efd9704e7ba9c50ed82e5cacb8f51b6c8a2c25658bfc98a68","h300_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/bff630d554cda95b0411248bd29c1a32900a75aabf41b7d5806349a1724eaa00","h600_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/fdbc450cedeccaef6624ac56ae0f233be201232f751ec92d74a686c797116ecb","h600_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/6f6afaf222f96b2fc5745001b7039d78d188a4cd7e1266803005fb0ffcfa0cc1"}}},"metadata":{"abstract_en":"Export Development Canada (EDC) guarantees 80% of new loans to SMEs, up to $6.25 million, with a total program envelope of $20 billion. PBO estimates total net income of this measure to be $3 million in 2020-21. The time horizon for this costing is aligned to PBO\u2019s current Economic and Fiscal Scenario, although there may be potential fiscal impacts for subsequent years.","abstract_fr":"Exportation et d\u00e9veloppement Canada (EDC) garantit 80 % des nouveaux pr\u00eats aux PME, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 concurrence de 6,25 millions de dollars. L\u2019enveloppe totale du programme se chiffre \u00e0 20 milliards de dollars. Le DPB estime le revenu net total de cette mesure \u00e0 3 millions de dollars en 2020-2021. L\u2019horizon temporel de cette \u00e9valuation des co\u00fbts est align\u00e9 sur le sc\u00e9nario \u00e9conomique et financier actuel du DPB, bien qu\u2019il puisse y avoir des impacts financiers potentiels pour les ann\u00e9es suivantes.","highlights":null},"bills":[],"bibtex":{"en":"@techreport{PBO-LEG2021014S,\n author={Srivatsan, Varun and Stanton, Jason},\n title={Loan Guarantee Program for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)},\n institution={The Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer},\n year=2020,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}","fr":"@techreport{DPB-LEG2021014S,\n author={Srivatsan, Varun and Stanton, Jason},\n title={Programme de garantie et de pr\\^{e}ts pour les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME)},\n institution={Bureau du directeur parlementaire du budget},\n year=2020,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}"}} {"id":"LEG-2021-009-S","is_published":"2021-05-12T18:17:16.000000Z","release_date":"2020-04-09T13:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2021-05-12T18:28:57.000000Z","type":"LEG","internal_id":"LEG-2021-009-S","title_en":"Co-Lending Program for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises","title_fr":"Programme de pr\u00eats conjoints pour les petites et moyennes entreprises","slug":"LEG-2021-009-S--co-lending-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises--programme-prets-conjoints-petites-moyennes-entreprises","permalinks":{"en":{"website":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en\/publications\/LEG-2021-009-S--co-lending-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises--programme-prets-conjoints-petites-moyennes-entreprises","preview":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en\/publications\/LEG-2021-009-S--co-lending-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises--programme-prets-conjoints-petites-moyennes-entreprises"},"fr":{"website":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/fr\/publications\/LEG-2021-009-S--co-lending-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises--programme-prets-conjoints-petites-moyennes-entreprises","preview":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/fr\/publications\/LEG-2021-009-S--co-lending-program-small-medium-sized-enterprises--programme-prets-conjoints-petites-moyennes-entreprises"}},"artifacts":{"main":{"en":{"public":"https:\/\/distribution-a617274656661637473.pbo-dpb.ca\/fb648e6be37597c9e0a7e8379009d511a6b41b1fd216201e8497abfc171c5ddb"},"fr":{"public":"https:\/\/distribution-a617274656661637473.pbo-dpb.ca\/8cb7379b2b1c4241a61e7e5bc1e39fc3a63c20bdc4c83660b7f54abd298a76a2"}}},"coverpages":{"distribution":{"fr":{"small":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/9ddb96451d3ee857a15beeeff0799d70e449423637755d89a5271d0b88683657","large":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/08bdeb7bd70a2103d5341966982404adb96a3b1d4e50df625ae0c76845a8e7a2","h150_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/269a98ef60d2778e034f94207f21c20fdd8c3d321fe779c9132b2704ccd573f6","h150_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/1a92c80743cf48b1cdaa1776618ba44e6fd4050e56948635026d655ab5b17431","h300_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/899f1fd59562616117bd4649357b2dc4cc66557678f6fded1323ef770a056064","h300_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/3ab8de81e60a519d7aea49fec85c0a384a4389735314962fff7905b21ea929e7","h600_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/9c2fb6bf3d66f05f9d6874b1d7e7899dc7256c45ed1447fd9bf94242cb22d748","h600_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/525b8621d05c25955dba9f9ead03665348337f8bf8374991b45e94cc04e85894"},"en":{"small":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/625657c783640253dfbda2d3b29d1d2e52638110a1481e51feef073128acd748","large":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/e65ce493cebf12056776b5e9626931df10c992e62770f0e671d021c6c620a148","h150_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/df999f7fd5d24f53d5c619e6164891d5b79c78bc1c8e1917ab964a3090aedd18","h150_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/b5fca54bfacd12d040cb53b4925e0339bcc516853031b5600c70133f780bc17d","h300_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/2be980cf95acdd7fcdf34dc6670193a0b6f8863bbd1b4e7b7474244384046742","h300_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/08f4e63ef5c6818f2c7a6011d0a954d372ad06a4a3498af98bf22152c01d3722","h600_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/d35fab31aceee533b38f53bf8fe1e696cb0d131cfd7b60a161506c5eb7566b21","h600_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/16b5dc079a856dbbd518f1da7b38a2d78464a8c6f2d9e72e67c9ec80816d2da5"}}},"metadata":{"abstract_en":"Increasing the lending capacity of Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC) by an additional $20 billion. PBO estimates total net income generated by this measure to be $389 million in 2020-21. The time horizon for this costing is aligned to the Economic and Fiscal Scenario PBO published on March 27, 2020, which only extends to 2020-21. There are likely fiscal impacts from this measure for subsequent years.","abstract_fr":"Accroissement de la capacit\u00e9 de pr\u00eat de la Banque de d\u00e9veloppement du Canada (BDC) de 20 milliards de dollars. Le DPB estime le revenu net total de cette mesure \u00e0 389 millions de dollars en 2020-2021. L\u2019horizon temporel de cette \u00e9valuation de co\u00fbts s\u2019aligne sur le sc\u00e9nario \u00e9conomique et financier publi\u00e9s par le DPB le 27 mars 2020, qui ne s\u2019\u00e9chelonnent que jusqu\u2019en 2020-2021. 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L\u2019incidence financi\u00e8re probable de cette mesure se fera sentir au cours des ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir.","highlights":null},"bills":[],"bibtex":{"en":"@techreport{PBO-LEG2021010S,\n author={Srivatsan, Varun and Stanton, Jason},\n title={Additional Lending Capacity for Farm Credit Canada (FCC)},\n institution={The Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer},\n year=2020,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}","fr":"@techreport{DPB-LEG2021010S,\n author={Srivatsan, Varun and Stanton, Jason},\n title={Accroissement de la capacit\\\u0027{e} de pr\\^{e}t de Financement agricole Canada (FAC)},\n institution={Bureau du directeur parlementaire du budget},\n year=2020,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}"}} {"id":"LEG-2021-002-S","is_published":"2021-05-12T19:19:14.000000Z","release_date":"2020-04-02T13:00:00.000000Z","updated_at":"2021-05-12T19:20:41.000000Z","type":"LEG","internal_id":"LEG-2021-002-S","title_en":"Insured Mortgage Purchase Program (IMPP)","title_fr":"Programme d\u2019achat de pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires assur\u00e9s (PAPHA)","slug":"LEG-2021-002-S--insured-mortgage-purchase-program-impp--programme-achat-prets-hypothecaires-assures-papha","permalinks":{"en":{"website":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en\/publications\/LEG-2021-002-S--insured-mortgage-purchase-program-impp--programme-achat-prets-hypothecaires-assures-papha","preview":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/en\/publications\/LEG-2021-002-S--insured-mortgage-purchase-program-impp--programme-achat-prets-hypothecaires-assures-papha"},"fr":{"website":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/fr\/publications\/LEG-2021-002-S--insured-mortgage-purchase-program-impp--programme-achat-prets-hypothecaires-assures-papha","preview":"https:\/\/www.pbo-dpb.ca\/fr\/publications\/LEG-2021-002-S--insured-mortgage-purchase-program-impp--programme-achat-prets-hypothecaires-assures-papha"}},"artifacts":{"main":{"en":{"public":"https:\/\/distribution-a617274656661637473.pbo-dpb.ca\/a4505075824a91ccf3d9784c2bcadc77302a4fa3311166de2509f851ef61f70f"},"fr":{"public":"https:\/\/distribution-a617274656661637473.pbo-dpb.ca\/e786e758d609afd6789f377bcbd274809b66405c8e65c40bd49e0db8445d1282"}}},"coverpages":{"distribution":{"fr":{"small":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/bd5c280583c0e418cf6ccbe1a846287ee97040cb0948dc8f4191e3e9cefc2a5e","large":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/23301acce0390a11abb7102fc44e6da2df52a6893d14730e9f83bc9ea3f8399c","h150_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/701cd26ae208cce373ee461f1f1af26a5a256546e1caf3927779e7559777f573","h150_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/7005234152990cc5892bc47b952f1e71046ac457c93ec9006b02253a86a15c64","h300_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/fef02993dae3f375ff6d827f5d34adab40bca4d0e2bb1db5cad63bfd3bc3ca76","h300_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/40cdc6f9f592b919d29bb93d540dceb75a5c9709f11e0b8d0b4a0094c4f97c37","h600_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/93f3f8a0f973fc45cbf718bc216196f836349369e37ee68d603c858103a53600","h600_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/c6dfdb5144d40fc0c86c2aea748f27dbce7d134988b2a54f8039551a11de40eb"},"en":{"small":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/f8b63ee07c99f31e1183542b064b79bb104bca2ccdef8df1dad32db5c216eb91","large":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/0f6a3759d8b84ec95083115f38ea3dfc3604d8735118a3231d177aa4effad575","h150_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/a168ffc4fb905e3e7f34eb894d0cdfc7a76b2b0e742fe0c23b8d29b800f42f61","h150_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/62866b83882e49a955d6918c4bc66d23bbeff91b7c917b46e4323cd7a4a57f74","h300_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/91e826b126fe80a4ad548a1e0094ef39074444e3c014832d5cc1a969fb6eeb09","h300_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/c502a87fdde911d1c0bd3ab592edcc8ebc55301c7faa8a479cf4f54e0a620074","h600_png_optimized":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/a62b0e3587c3aff553b216f1ebf5001c67e14ec794472cdbb2a82362eb93666c","h600_webp":"https:\/\/distribution-i696d61676573.pbo-dpb.ca\/0d2a85a858578c238b33c5ec35bb2ec408ccdf3365a99cb2dd05c2b4e5855c2e"}}},"metadata":{"abstract_en":"As part of the IMPP, the Government will purchase up to $150 billion of insured mortgage pools through the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC). The objective of the IMPP is to provide financial market liquidity to ensure continued lending to businesses and individuals. The IMPP was last used in 2008 2010. PBO estimates the total net savings of this measure to be $13 million in 2019-20 and $428 million 2020-21. The time horizon for this costing is aligned to PBO\u2019s current Economic and Fiscal Scenario, although there may be potential fiscal impacts for subsequent years.","abstract_fr":"Dans le cadre du PAPHA, le gouvernement ach\u00e8tera jusqu\u2019\u00e0 150 milliards de dollars de blocs de pr\u00eats hypoth\u00e9caires assur\u00e9s par l\u2019entremise de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 canadienne d\u2019hypoth\u00e8ques et de logement (SCHL). Ce programme vise \u00e0 soutenir la liquidit\u00e9 des march\u00e9s financiers afin que les entreprises et les particuliers puissent continuer \u00e0 obtenir des pr\u00eats. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 pour la derni\u00e8re fois en 2008-2010. Le DPB \u00e9value que les \u00e9conomies nettes totales de cette mesure seront de 13 millions de dollars en 2019-2020 et de 428 millions de dollars en 2020-2021. L\u2019horizon pr\u00e9visionnel de cette \u00e9valuation de co\u00fbts est conforme au sc\u00e9nario \u00e9conomique et financier du DPB, bien que des r\u00e9percussions financi\u00e8res pourraient \u00eatre \u00e0 pr\u00e9voir au cours des ann\u00e9es subs\u00e9quentes.","highlights":null},"bills":[],"bibtex":{"en":"@techreport{PBO-LEG2021002S,\n author={Srivatsan, Varun and Stanton, Jason},\n title={Insured Mortgage Purchase Program (IMPP)},\n institution={The Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer},\n year=2020,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}","fr":"@techreport{DPB-LEG2021002S,\n author={Srivatsan, Varun and Stanton, Jason},\n title={Programme d\u2019achat de pr\\^{e}ts hypoth\\\u0027{e}caires assur\\\u0027{e}s (PAPHA)},\n institution={Bureau du directeur parlementaire du budget},\n year=2020,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}"}} 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Larry Maguire (Brandon \u2013 Souris, CPC) requested the PBO to prepare an estimate of the total and projected costs to the federal government in managing the increase in irregular arrivals. This report presents an average unit cost per refugee claimant, based on the costs associated with the federal organizations involved in the asylum process, as well as a sensitivity analysis of future costs.","abstract_fr":"Le d\u00e9put\u00e9 Larry Maguire (Brandon \u2014 Souris, PCC) a demand\u00e9 au DPB d\u2019estimer les co\u00fbts de gestion actuels et projet\u00e9s que repr\u00e9sente l\u2019intensification de la migration irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re pour le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral. Ce rapport pr\u00e9sente un co\u00fbt unitaire moyen par demandeur d\u2019asile, \u00e9tabli en fonction des d\u00e9penses des organisations f\u00e9d\u00e9rales qui interviennent dans le processus d\u2019asile ainsi qu\u2019une analyse de sensibilit\u00e9 des co\u00fbts futurs.","highlights":null},"bills":[],"bibtex":{"en":"@techreport{PBO-RP1819386,\n author={Segel-Brown, Ben and Srivatsan, Varun and Stanton, Jason},\n title={Costing Irregular Migration across Canada\u2019s Southern Border},\n institution={The Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer},\n year=2018,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}","fr":"@techreport{DPB-RP1819386,\n author={Segel-Brown, Ben and Srivatsan, Varun and Stanton, Jason},\n title={Cout de la migration irr\\\u0027{e}guli\\`{e}re \\`{a} la fronti\\`{e}re sud du Canada},\n institution={Bureau du directeur parlementaire du budget},\n year=2018,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}"}} 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note presents a detailed analysis of the Government\u2019s first supplementary estimates for the 2018-19 fiscal year, which seeks Parliament\u2019s approval of $7.5 billion.","abstract_fr":"Cette note pr\u00e9sente une analyse d\u00e9taill\u00e9e du premier budget suppl\u00e9mentaire des d\u00e9penses du gouvernement pour l\u2019exercice 2018-2019, dans lequel ce dernier demande au Parlement d\u2019approuver des d\u00e9penses de 7,5 milliards de dollars.","highlights":null},"bills":[],"bibtex":{"en":"@techreport{PBO-RP1819384,\n author={Stanton, Jason and Srivatsan, Varun},\n title={Supplementary Estimates (A) 2018-19},\n institution={The Office of the Parliamentary Budget Officer},\n year=2018,\n \n address = \u0022Ottawa, ON\u0022\n}","fr":"@techreport{DPB-RP1819384,\n author={Stanton, Jason and Srivatsan, Varun},\n title={Budget suppl\\\u0027{e}mentaire des d\\\u0027{e}penses (A) de 2018-2019},\n institution={Bureau du directeur parlementaire du budget},\n year=2018,\n \n address = 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